巡检的约束，是要通过池州的配合才能实现的。

巡检听州县节制，是一个漫长发展过程的最终结果。五代，中央对地方的控制能力有限，巡检使臣除捕盗外，还负有监督地方、加强中央集权的责任，因而必须独立于地方军政系统。宋初的巡检基本保留了这一特点，州县对巡检并无直接统属关系。但是，在经历了一系列加强中央集权的制度建设之后，地方割据隐患消除殆尽，宋朝建设巡检网络的主要目的已不再是监督地方，而是构筑更为有效的地方治安维护体系。州县能够取得对巡检的领导权，其根本原因，正在于此。而巡检网络的存在之所以能够增强地方维安体系，是因为它的“不均匀分布”有效地补充了地方行政对边缘区域控制力的不足。从这个意义上说，杨万里提到的“外寨入城”现象，对巡检网络的功效构成了最大破坏。而“听州县节制”之后，州县为自身利益考虑，牒差巡检下乡催科，炫耀武力恫吓乡民，对乡村生活造成干扰，也败坏了巡检的正当职能。理宗朝，江东提刑吴势卿[97]曾愤然质问：“巡检带寨兵下乡催科，出何条法？！”[98]“条法”自然是没有的，只是巡检一“听州县节制”，奉命催科又如何得免？！

A Preliminary Study on the Xunjian in the Public Order Maintaining System of the Song Dynasty，960-1279

Zhao Dongmei

Abstract：The Xunjian refers to an officer who commanded a small army responsible for some public safety and military assignments. During the Five Dynasties，the central governments sent “commissioners” as Xunjian to patrol some local areas，pursuing robbers，strengthening the central control. Xunjian thus became a new public order maintaining power other than the local governments and the Jiedushi. In the early Song Dynasty，with the reforms of public order maintaining system，Xunjian was remained，becoming independent and acting as a supplementary power to the local administrations while the Jiedushi was expelled. A Xunjian ’s jurisdiction was always distant rural areas which were the border areas of two or more local administrations and far from all local administrative centers. The Xunjian officers and their small armies always stationed outside administrative capital cities. The Xunjian work was uneven in comparison to the local administrative system. Both the Xunjian and the local governments were under the leadership of the Lu administration. In the Southern Song，however，the Xunjian gradually turned to be a subor